First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2018, 2 by Tao Le

Author:Tao Le
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Published: 2018-04-20T04:00:00+00:00

D

D2 antagonists, 557

Daclizumab

immunosuppression, 120

targets of, 121, 122

Dacrocytes, 404

Dactinomycin, 428

RNA polymerase inhibition, 41

targets of, 426

Dactylitis

seronegative spondyloarthritis, 457

sickle cell anemia, 410

Dalfopristin

mechanism (diagram), 187

VRE, 198

Dalteparin, 423

Danazol, 638

endometriosis, 630

pseudotumor cerebri, 505

reproductive hormones and, 636

“Dancing eyes, dancing feet,” 221

Dandy-Walker syndrome, 476

Dantrolene, 533, 534

Dapagliflozin, 349

Dapsone, 194

dermatitis herpetiformis, 467

Hansen disease, 141

hemolysis in G6PD deficiency, 245

Mycobacterium leprae, 196

Pneumocystis jirovecii, 154

Daptomycin, 195

MRSA, 198

Dark-field microscopy, 146

Darunavir

HIV therapy, 203

mechanism, 201

Datura, 237

Daunorubicin, 428

dilated cardiomyopathy, 243

DCC gene, 222

D-dimer lab, 653

Dead space (lung), 646

Deafness

Alport syndrome, 581

congenital long QT syndrome, 289

congenital syphilis, 147

rubella, 182

syphilis, 182

Deamination

base excision repair, 40

Death

aortic dissection in, 299

children, explaining to, 263

common causes, 266

hyperosmolar hyperglycemia nonketotic syndrome, 346

sudden cardiac death, 299

thyroid storm, 337

Death receptor pathway, 208

Debranching enzyme

Cori disease, 87

glycogen metabolism, 86

Decay-accelerating factor (DAF), 106

Deceleration injury, 298

Decidua basalis, 599

Decision-making capacity, 261

Decompression sickness, 654

Decussation

in spinal tracts, 493

Deep brachial artery, 445

Deep inguinal lymph nodes, 606

Deep inguinal ring, 363

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT), 653

direct factor Xa inhibitors for, 425

embolic stroke and, 496

glucagonomas and, 346

heparin for, 423

labs/findings, 676

tamoxifen/raloxifen and, 431

Deer flies (disease vectors), 159

Defense mechanisms

immature, 538–539

mature, 539

Defensins, 99

Deferasirox

hemochromatosis, 389

for iron poisoning, 243, 414

Deferiprone

hemochromatosis, 389

for iron poisoning, 243

Deferoxamine

hemochromatosis, 389

for iron poisoning, 243, 414

Deformation, 595

Degenerate/redundant genetic code, 37

Degmacytes, 404

G6PD deficiency, 79

Dehydration

diabetic ketoacidosis, 345

filtration changes and, 567

gout exacerbation, 455

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, 346

loop diuretics and, 590

mannitol and, 590

osmotic laxatives, 394

relative polycythemia with, 421

salivary stones with, 370

shock, 305

in sickle cell anemia, 405

Dehydrogenases, 73

Delavirdine

HIV therapy, 203

mechanism, 201

Delirium, 542

barbiturate withdrawal, 554

diabetic ketoacidosis, 345

PCP, 555

thyroid storm, 337

Delirium tremens (DTs), 553, 554, 555

Δ cells

endocrine pancreas, 321

somatostatinomas of, 346

somatostatin production, 365

Delta rhythm (EEG), 481

Delta virus, 167

Deltoid muscle

axillary nerve injury, 437

Erb palsy, 438

Delusional disorder, 544

Delusions, 543

mesolimbic pathway, 482

schizophrenia, 544

Demeclocycline, 350. See also Tetracyclines

diabetes insipidus and, 244, 342

for SIADH, 342

Dementia

common brain lesions, 495

frontotemporal, 495

HIV-positive adults, 177

metachromatic leukodystrophy, 88

neurodegenerative disorders, 504–505

Pick disease, 677

prion disease, 178

splice site mutations, 39

vitamin B3 deficiency, 67

Demyelination

lead poisoning (adult), 413

metachromatic leukodystrophy, 88

vitamin E deficiency, 70

Demyelination/dysmyelination

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopath, 508

vitamin B12 deficiency, 514

Dendritic cells, 398

IL-10, 108

innate immunity, 99

Langerhans cell histiocytosis and, 422

T- and B-cell activation, 101, 103

Dengue, 167

Denial, 538

Denosumab, 122

for osteoporosis, 449

De novo pyrimidine and purine synthesis, 36

rate-determining enzyme, 73

Dense deposit disease, 581

Dental plaque

normal flora, 178

viridans streptococci, 129

Dentate nucleus, 483

Dentin

collagen in, 50

osteogenesis imperfecta, 51

Dentinogenesis imperfecta, 51

Denys-Drash syndrome, 584

Dependent personality disorder, 549

Depersonalization/derealization disorder, 542

panic disorder, 547

Depression

atypical antipsychotics for, 557

atypical features in, 545

benzodiazepine withdrawal, 554

dissociative identity disorder, 542

drug therapy, 556

electroconvulsive therapy, 546

glucagonomas, 346

hyperparathyroidism, 340

marijuana withdrawal, 555

MDMA withdrawal, 555

metoclopramide, 394

mirtazapine for, 240

neurotransmitters for, 479

postpartum, 546

seasonal pattern with, 545

serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) for, 559

sexual dysfunction caused by, 551

SSRIs for, 559

stimulant withdrawal, 554

suicide and, 546

Deprivation effects (infants), 540

De Quervain tenosynovitis, 444

De Quervain thyroiditis, 336

Dermacentor tick (disease vector), 149

Dermatitis

B-complex deficiency, 65

glucagonomas, 346

IPEX syndrome, 102

type IV hypersensitivity reaction, 113

vitamin B5 deficiency, 67

vitamin B7 deficiency, 68

Dermatitis herpetiformis, 467

celiac disease and, 375

Dermatomes

landmarks, 494

Dermatomyositis, 221

autoantibody, 115

Dermatomyositis/polymyositis, 459

Dermatophytes, 152

Dermatophytoses, 199

Dermis, 461

Dermoid cyst, 628

Descending colon, 354

Desert bumps, 151

Desflurane, 533

Desipramine, 559

Desloratadine, 667

Desmin, 48

DesMin, 225

Desmoplakin, 461

Desmopressin

for hemophilia, 414

Desmopressin acetate

central DI, 325, 350

DI treatment, 342

Desmosome, 461

Desquamation, 135

Desvenlafaxine, 559

Detached retina, 521

Detemir insulin. See also Insulin

Detrusor instability, 584

Developmental delay

fetal alcohol syndrome, 597

low birth weight and, 616

renal failure and, 586

Dexamethasone. See also Glucocorticoids

arachidonic acid pathway, 470

Cushing syndrome diagnosis, 331

Dexlansoprazole, 392

Dexrazoxane, 428

dilated cardiomyopathy prevention, 243

Dextroamphetamine, 556

Dextrocardia, 274

Dextrocardia (X-ray), 49

Dextromethorphan, 534, 667

DHT (dihydrotestosterone), 604, 617, 621

Diabetes insipidus, 342

antidiuretic hormone in,

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